个股大幅波动与指数表现平淡之间的差距,创下全球金融危机以来最高水平

在股市经历漫长牛市后,如此剧烈的波动令许多交易员心生警惕 © 查理·特里巴洛/法新社/盖蒂图片社
金融时报
瑞秋·里斯 伦敦报道
发布于17小时前
今年以来,美股财报季表现亮眼,叠加市场对人工智能热潮潜在负面影响的担忧,推动美国个股出现“极端”行情,即便大盘指数整体波澜不惊。
今年迄今,标普500成分股中已有超过五分之一的个股涨跌幅超过20%,上涨个股数量约为下跌个股的两倍,尽管标普500指数整体基本持平。
做市商城堡证券的数据显示,本月个股大幅波动与指数平淡表现之间的差距,达到2009年全球金融危机余波以来的最高水平。
城堡证券分析师斯科特·鲁布纳表示:“个股离散度处于极端水平。”他补充称,人工智能带来的冲击“加速了脆弱商业模式的估值重估,加剧了资金轮动,即便指数整体表现仍保持平稳”。
在股市持续多年的牛市之后,如此剧烈的波动让不少交易员保持谨慎,但对于愿意承受波动的选股型投资者而言,这也带来了颇具吸引力的机会。
高盛分析师指出,今年以来,超过半数的大盘股共同基金业绩跑赢其基准指数,这一比例创下近20年来最高水平。近年来,由于指数中权重极高的科技巨头持续上涨,主动管理型基金普遍表现落后于被动指数基金。
但今年以来,标普500指数中已有超过60%的个股跑赢大盘整体表现,这一覆盖面为数十年来之最。

推动这一现象的原因之一,是近几周企业财报表现强劲。彭博数据显示,去年第四季度,蓝筹股指数成分企业盈利同比增长12%。这已是企业盈利连续第四个季度实现两位数增长,且较前一季度略有提升。
农机制造商迪尔公司因业绩亮眼,周四股价上涨逾10%;流媒体平台声田上周因利润同比增长两倍,股价大涨近15%,但两天后又暴跌8%。
不过,部分个股也遭遇大幅抛售。市场担忧大型科技企业在人工智能领域的巨额投入,以及该技术对部分行业带来的颠覆性威胁,其中软件、物流等板块受冲击尤为严重。
法国兴业银行美国股票策略主管马尼什·卡布拉表示:“指数背后的宏观基本面实际上是繁荣的。营收增速达到9%,11个行业中有7个实现利润率扩张。”
他指出,科技板块“少数个股”的“缺乏亮眼表现”,在指数层面掩盖了整体向好的局面。
巴克莱美国股票策略主管维努·克里希纳指出,近几周市场出现“剧烈轮动”,投资者纷纷从科技板块转向耐用消费品等其他领域。
他表示:“这再次表明,在指数波动平缓的表象之下,众多微观逻辑正在上演,而财报行情正是在这一背景下展开。”
主导市值加权指数的科技巨头“七巨头”,自1月初以来累计下跌5.6%,而标普500的11个行业中已有7个实现上涨。

本月早些时候,亚马逊、微软、谷歌公布了今年的人工智能投入计划,连同元宇宙平台公司在内,四家企业总投入将达6600亿美元,较去年水平增长60%,股价随之大幅下挫。
英伟达、博通、甲骨文将于下周公布财报。标普500指数成分股中已有约八成企业发布业绩。
法国兴业银行的卡布拉表示,如果科技巨头无法像去年那样大幅上涨、带动市场,那么指数层面的回报将继续保持平淡。
他称:“在由财报驱动的市场中,通常需要降低对指数的预期。但一旦降低对指数涨幅的期待,在财报驱动的行情下,市场中部分板块将能获得惊人回报。”
双语
一、市场与指数
1. churn /tʃɜːrn/ n. 剧烈波动;资金轮转
2. index /ˈɪndeks/ n. 指数
3. constituent /kənˈstɪtʃuənt/ n. 成分股
4. benchmark /ˈbentʃmɑːrk/ n. 基准指数
5. rally /ˈræli/ n./v. 反弹;回升
6. plunge /plʌndʒ/ v./n. 暴跌;骤降
7. sell-off /ˈsel ɔːf/ n. 抛售
8. rotation /roʊˈteɪʃn/ n. 轮动;资金切换
9. volatility /ˌvɑːləˈtɪləti/ n. 波动性
10. bull run /bʊl rʌn/ n. 牛市行情
二、财报与业绩
1. earnings /ˈɜːrnɪŋz/ n. 收益;财报
2. bumper /ˈbʌmpər/ adj. 丰厚的;强劲的
3. outperform /ˌaʊtpərˈfɔːrm/ v. 跑赢;表现优于
4. underperform /ˌʌndərpərˈfɔːrm/ v. 跑输;表现逊于
5. year-on-year /ˌjɪər ɑːn jɪər/ adv./adj. 同比
6. growth /ɡroʊθ/ n. 增长
7. profit margin /ˈprɑːfɪt ˈmɑːrdʒɪn/ n. 利润率
8. revenue /ˈrevənuː/ n. 营收;收入
三、投资与机构
1. stockpicker /ˈstɑːkpɪkər/ n. 选股投资者
2. mutual fund /ˈmjuːtʃuəl fʌnd/ n. 共同基金
3. active fund /ˈæktɪv fʌnd/ n. 主动管理型基金
4. passive tracker /ˈpæsɪv ˈtrækər/ n. 被动指数基金
5. market maker /ˈmɑːrkɪt ˈmeɪkər/ n. 做市商
6. mega cap /ˈmeɡə kæp/ n. 巨型市值公司
7. blue chip /bluː tʃɪp/ n. 蓝筹股
四、高频短语 & 搭配
1. drive churn /draɪv tʃɜːrn/ 引发剧烈波动
2. extreme levels /ɪkˈstriːm ˈlevəlz/ 极端水平
3. subdued performance /səbˈduːd pərˈfɔːrməns/ 表现平淡
4. global financial crisis /ˈɡloʊbl faɪˈnænʃl ˈkraɪsɪs/ 全球金融危机
5. lengthy bull run /ˈleŋθi bʊl rʌn/ 漫长的牛市
6. ride out volatility /raɪd aʊt ˌvɑːləˈtɪləti/ 承受波动;熬过波动
7. tone down expectations /toʊn daʊn ˌekspekˈteɪʃnz/ 降低预期
8. AI boom /eɪ aɪ buːm/ 人工智能热潮
9. fallout from /ˈfɔːlaʊt frəm/ …带来的负面影响/后果
10. vulnerable business model /ˈvʌlnərəbl ˈbɪznəs ˈmɑːdl/ 脆弱的商业模式
Earnings and AI fears drive ‘extreme’ churn in US stock market
财报业绩与AI担忧引发美国股市个股“极端”波动
Gap between large moves in individual equities and subdued index performance hits highest since global financial crisis
个股大幅波动与指数表现疲软之间的差距,创下全球金融危机以来最高水平
Rachel Rees in London
瑞秋·里斯 伦敦报道
Published17 HOURS AGO
发布于17小时前
A bumper earnings season and concerns about the fallout from the AI boom are driving “extreme” moves in individual US stocks this year, even as the broad market index treads water.
今年以来,亮眼的财报季叠加市场对人工智能热潮潜在负面影响的担忧,推动美国个股出现“极端”行情,即便大盘整体指数波澜不惊。
So far this year, more than one-fifth of constituent stocks in the S&P have gained or lost more than 20 per cent, with risers outnumbering fallers by approximately two to one, even though the overall S&P 500 index is roughly flat.
今年迄今,标普500成分股中已有超过五分之一的个股涨跌幅超过20%,上涨个股数量约为下跌个股的两倍,尽管标普500指数整体基本持平。
The gap between the chunky stock moves and the subdued performance of the index this month reached its highest level since the aftermath of the global financial crisis in 2009, according to data from market maker Citadel Securities.
做市商城堡证券的数据显示,本月个股大幅波动与指数疲软表现之间的差距,达到2009年全球金融危机后期以来的最高水平。
“Single stock dispersion is at extreme levels,” said Scott Rubner, an analyst at Citadel Securities. The threat posed by AI has “accelerated repricing across vulnerable business models, intensifying rotation even as headline [index] performance remains contained”, he added.
城堡证券分析师斯科特·鲁布纳表示:“个股离散度处于极端水平。”他补充称,人工智能带来的冲击“加速了脆弱商业模式的估值重估,加剧了资金轮动,即便指数整体表现仍保持平稳”。
The sharp moves are making many traders wary after a lengthy bull run in stocks, but they are also throwing up attractive opportunities for stockpickers prepared to ride out the volatility.
在股市持续多年的牛市之后,如此剧烈的波动让不少交易员保持谨慎,但对于愿意承受波动的选股型投资者而言,这也带来了颇具吸引力的机会。
More than half of large-cap mutual funds are outperforming their benchmark index so far this year, the highest level in almost two decades, according to analysts at Goldman Sachs. Active funds have tended to lag passive trackers in recent years, due to the relentless gains for tech mega caps with a high concentration within the index.
高盛分析师指出,今年以来,超过半数的大盘股共同基金业绩跑赢其基准指数,这一比例创下近20年来最高水平。近年来,由于指数中权重极高的科技巨头持续上涨,主动管理型基金普遍表现落后于被动指数基金。
But so far this year, more than 60 per cent of stocks on the S&P have outperformed the index as a whole — the broadest range in decades.
但今年以来,标普500指数中已有超过60%的个股跑赢大盘整体,这一覆盖范围为数十年来之最。
One driver has been strong corporate results in recent weeks, with earnings for the blue-chip index growing by 12 per cent year-on-year in the final quarter of last year, according to data from Bloomberg. That marked the fourth consecutive quarter of double-digit earnings growth and a slight increase on the previous three months.
推动这一现象的原因之一是近几周企业财报表现强劲。彭博数据显示,去年第四季度,该蓝筹指数成分企业盈利同比增长12%。这已是企业盈利连续第四个季度实现两位数增长,且较前一季度略有提升。
Shares in tractor maker Deere climbed more than 10 per cent on Thursday after strong results, while Spotify rallied almost 15 per cent last week after tripling its profits year-on-year, before plunging 8 per cent two days later.
农机制造商迪尔公司因业绩亮眼,周四股价上涨逾10%;流媒体平台声田上周因利润同比增长两倍,股价大涨近15%,但两天后又暴跌8%。
However, some stocks have also suffered sharp sell-offs, triggered by concerns over Big Tech companies’ high spending on AI as well as the existential threat that the technology could pose to certain sectors, with software and logistics among those hard hit.
不过,部分个股也遭遇大幅抛售。市场担忧大型科技企业在人工智能领域的巨额投入,以及该技术对部分行业带来的颠覆性威胁,其中软件、物流等板块受冲击尤为严重。
“The macro message underlying the index is actually boom. Revenue is growing at 9 per cent. Seven out of 11 sectors have seen profit margin expansion,” said Manish Kabra, head of US equity strategy at Société Générale.
法国兴业银行美国股票策略主管马尼什·卡布拉表示:“指数背后的宏观基本面实际上是繁荣的。营收增速达到9%,11个行业中有7个实现利润率扩张。”
The “lack of excitement” in “a few stocks” in tech was overshadowing this at the index level, he said.
他指出,科技板块“少数个股”的“表现平淡”,在指数层面掩盖了整体向好的局面。
Venu Krishna, head of US equities strategy at Barclays, pointed to “violent rotations” in recent weeks as investors have fled from tech to other sectors such as consumer durables.
巴克莱美国股票策略主管维努·克里希纳指出,近几周市场出现“剧烈轮动”,投资者纷纷从科技板块转向耐用消费品等其他领域。
“This is yet another sign of the numerous micro-narratives playing out beneath subdued index volatility, against which the earnings tape is playing out,” he said.
他表示:“这再次表明,在指数波动平缓的表象之下,众多微观逻辑正在上演,而财报行情正是在这一背景下展开。”
The so-called Magnificent 7 — the technology giants that dominate the market-capitalisation weighted index — have fallen 5.6 per cent since the start of January, while seven of the S&P 500’s 11 sectors have risen.
主导市值加权指数的科技巨头“七巨头”,自1月初以来累计下跌5.6%,而标普500的11个行业中已有7个实现上涨。
Amazon, Microsoft and Alphabet plunged earlier this month after they announced AI spending plans for this year that, including Meta, total $660bn, up 60 per cent from last year’s levels.
本月早些时候,亚马逊、微软、字母表公司公布了今年的人工智能投入计划,连同元平台公司在内,四家企业总投入将达6600亿美元,较去年水平增长60%,股价随之大幅下挫。
Nvidia is set to report earnings next week, along with Broadcom and Oracle. Around four-fifths of the benchmark index has already reported results.
英伟达、博通、甲骨文将于下周公布财报。标普500指数成分股中已有约八成企业发布业绩。
If mega cap tech stocks do not make big gains, as drove the market last year, then returns at an index level will remain subdued, said SocGen’s Kabra.
法国兴业银行的卡布拉表示,如果科技巨头无法像去年那样大幅上涨、带动市场,那么指数层面的回报将继续保持平淡。
“[In] an earnings-driven market, usually you have to tone down your index expectations,” he said. “But once you mute down index excitement, internally, if it’s earnings driven, there will be parts of the market that get phenomenal returns.”
他称:“在由财报驱动的市场中,通常需要降低对指数的预期。但一旦降低对指数涨幅的期待,在财报驱动的行情下,市场中部分板块将能获得惊人回报。”


