Full text: More Just and Equitable Global Governance: China's Principles, Proposals and Actions
Global governance is a common endeavor that bears on the well-being of all humanity, and building a just and equitable global governance system is a shared vision long pursued by people from across the world.
全球治理是关乎人类福祉的共同事业，构建公正合理的全球治理体系是各国人民孜孜以求的共同愿景。
词汇积累
关乎 bears on
人类福祉 well-being of all humanity
拓展：livelihood 民生 livelihood concerns民生痛点
共同事业 common endeavor
共同愿景 a shared vision
公正合理 just and equitable
Over 80 years ago, the United Nations (UN) was founded as a multilateral platform for countries to address international affairs through dialogue and consultation. It established international rules underpinning the rule of law, ushering in a new phase in global governance.
80多年前，联合国的创立为各国对话协商处理国际事务搭建了多边合作平台，确立了国际法治规则，开创了全球治理的崭新实践。
词汇积累
对话协商 dialogue and consultation
开创/迎来usher in
The invention of the Internet ushered in a new era of global communication.
互联网的发明开启了全球通信的新时代。
After the Cold War, multi-polarization and economic globalization began to gain momentum, and the concept of global governance grounded in coordination and cooperation was widely endorsed.
冷战结束后，世界多极化、经济全球化进程加速，以协调合作为基石的全球治理理念日益深入人心。
...进程加速gain momentum
拓展：表示加速演进，提速跃升的词
continue to grow /pick up steam/gather pace /grow apace
深入推进 further headway
稳步推进steadily advance
In recent times, however, unilateralism, protectionism, and hegemonism have been spreading unchecked, while deficits in peace, development, security, and trust continue to expand. Reforming and improving global governance to resolve these challenges and letting the UN play a core role have thus become a critical topic for the future of humanity.
但一段时间以来，单边主义、保护主义、霸权主义肆意横行，和平赤字、发展赤字、安全赤字、信任赤字持续扩大，如何改革完善全球治理、破解难题挑战，切实发挥联合国的核心作用，成为攸关人类前途命运的重大问题。
词汇积累
霸权主义 hegemonism
肆意横行 spread unchecked
发挥核心作用 play a core role
成为重大问题 become a critical topic
I.The World Today Faces Severe and Complex Challenges
一、当今世界面临严峻复杂的危机挑战
Our world has entered an era marked by profound change on a scale unseen in a century. The pursuit of peace and development remains a daunting challenge. The international system established after World War II has been severely disrupted by multiple crises, placing global governance at a critical crossroads. Progress is imperative; failure to advance risks falling behind. Now, more than ever, the world needs to revitalize multilateralism, uphold the rule of law, and ensure more efficient governance.
我们生活的时代正经历百年未有之大变局，人类和平与发展事业任重道远。二战后建立起来的国际体系受到多重危机的严重冲击，全球治理处在不进则退的关键当口，世界比以往任何时候都更需要重振多边主义，更需要坚守规则法治，更需要提升治理效能。
词汇积累
我们生活的时代正经历百年未有之大变局。
Our world has entered an era marked by profound change on a scale unseen in a century.
拓展：2025年是“十四五”收官之年。
The year of 2025 marks the conclusion of the 14thFive-year Plan(2021-2025).
百年未有之大变局 profound change(s) unseen in a century
百年变局 once-in-a-century transformations / transformations unseen in a century
任重道远 remain a daunting challenge
受到冲击 be disrupted by
不进则退的关键当口 at a critical crossroads
重振多边主义 revitalize multilateralism
提升治理效能ensure more efficient governance
1.Growing Challenges Call for More Effective Governance
（一）日益严峻的挑战呼唤更加有效的治理
Currently, the international landscape is undergoing profound changes on an unprecedented scale, with turmoil and upheaval more intense and pronounced. Political and economic disputes worldwide are escalating, revealing deep-seated conflicts, while "black swan" and "grey rhino" events keep emerging continually. The ship of human civilization has entered dangerous waters with hidden reefs and violent storms.
当前，国际形势变的深度史所罕见、乱的烈度更加突出，国际政治经济纷争加剧，很多矛盾掀开盖子，各种“黑天鹅”“灰犀牛”层出不穷，人类文明的航船驶入遍布暗礁和风暴的危险水域。
国际形势international landscape(政治局势/国际局势)
on an unprecedented scale...程度前所未有，实属罕见
turmoil and upheaval 动荡和剧变
more intense and pronounced更加剧烈
keep emerging continually层出不穷
黑天鹅事件
1.极其罕见、难以预测
2.一旦发生就会造成巨大影响
3.事后人们又觉得似乎早有迹象
灰犀牛事件
1.非常明显
2.早已被警告
3.发生概率很高
4.人们长期忽视
Geopolitical tensions are intensifying, with armed conflicts erupting in multiple regions.The Ukraine crisis has entered its fifth year, hostilities in the Middle East are spilling over and spreading, and multiple hotspot issues remain unresolved. The Global Peace Index continues to decline: in 2025, the number of armed conflicts reached a new high after World War II, with more than 50 countries directly embroiled in conflict or war. Global military spending has surged, militarism has resurfaced, and nuclear proliferation and "nuclear sharing" continue to pose a grave threat, leaving international security in a precarious state.
地缘矛盾日趋激化，武装冲突多点爆发。乌克兰危机进入第5个年头，中东战事外溢扩大，多个热点问题延宕难解。全球和平指数持续恶化，2025年武装冲突数量创二战结束以来新高，50多个国家直接卷入冲突战乱。全球军费开支急剧扩大，军国主义沉渣泛起，核扩散、“核共享”敲响警钟，国际安全处于脆弱时刻。
地缘政治矛盾 geopolitical tensions
激化 intensify
热点问题 hotspot issues
延宕难解 remain unsolved
持续恶化 continue to decline
卷入战乱 embroil in conflict or war
军费开支 military speeding
核扩散 nuclear proliferation
拓展：核不扩散条约Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons
