时文精读
【话题·导语】
科学家们研究乌干达黑猩猩发现，这些动物偶尔还会互相提供“急救”。这表明黑猩猩可能具备思考如何帮助他人和自己的能力。
【原文·时文阅读】
（文章来源：https://newsforkids.net/articles/2025/06/04/chimps-perform-first-aid-on-each-other/）
Scientists have long known that chimpanzees sometimes use leaves or insects as medicine. Now, researchers studying chimpanzees in Uganda have discovered that the animals will sometimes provide “first aid” to each other. This suggests that chimpanzees may be able to think about how to help others, as well as themselves.
Chimpanzees are one of the animal species most closely related to humans. Because of this, researchers have carefully studied the lives of chimpanzees in many different ways. One area that has scientists curious is how chimpanzees care for themselves when they are sick or hurt.
In 2021, Dr. Elodie Freymann went to Uganda to study the chimpanzees in the Budongo Forest. She was interested in learning more about the methods the chimpanzees used to help themselves when they got hurt. Dr. Freymann had already done work investigating how chimps eat certain plants, using them as medicine.
As Dr. Freymann was looking through notes from other researchers, she noticed that there were several stories about chimpanzees caring for themselves or others. She and her team decided to look through 30 years of notes from researchers who had studied chimpanzees in the region. They also spent eight months studying two separate groups of chimpanzees in the forest.
The researchers found 34 examples of chimpanzees treating their own wounds. Often this sort of “self-care” was very basic, like licking a wound or cleaning themselves with leaves. Sometimes it was more complicated. In some cases, Dr. Freymann says, the chimpanzees “chew the plants up, and then apply the chewed material to the open injury.”
Licking a wound can help remove dirt and other small items that might make it hard for the wound to heal. What’s more, the spit of some chimps can have chemicals that can help keep a wound from getting infected. The leaves of some plants can do this, too.
The self-care of the chimps was interesting. But even more interesting were the seven cases they found of chimpanzees helping out other chimpanzees. This seems to show that chimpanzees may be able to tell when another chimpanzee needs help. It’s fairly unusual for animals to try to help another injured animal.
In one case, a teenage male chimp was seen sucking on the leg of another young male chimp, helping clean a wound.
Some of the chimps who helped others weren’t even related. In one case, a male chimp helped an unrelated female chimp escape from a rope trap that had caught her.
One big question for the scientists is how much of this behavior comes from the chimpanzees’ natural instincts, and how much is learned from other chimps.
In one notable case, an adult female chewed a leaf to put on her wound. The chimp’s younger daughter saw this, and then did exactly the same thing, chewing up a leaf and putting it on her mother’s injury.
Dr. Freymann believes that some behaviors come from instinct, but others seem so complicated that they’re probably learned. She plans to continue studying chimpanzees in order to learn more.
【原创·阅读理解】
1. What have the researcherscurrently discovered after studying chimpanzees in Uganda?
A.They use leaves or insects as medicine
B. They sometimes provide “first aid” to each other.
C. They are closely related to humans.
D. They know how to help others.
2. How did Dr. Freymanndiscover the phenomenon that chimpanzeeshelped themselves or others?
A.Byliving with chimpanzeesfor 30 years.
B.By investigating how chimps useplants as medicine.
C. By scanning notes from other researchers.
D. By watching their behaviors in the forest.
3. What do we know from Dr. Freymann’sresearch?
A.Thechimpanzees’behaviors come from what they learn from others.
B. Thechimpanzeesare born to help others.
C.Thechimpanzees’behaviors need to be further studied.
D. Thechimpanzeeslearn the skills from their mothers.
4. What is the suitable title of text?
A.Why Chimps HelpOthers.
B. Use Plants As Medicine.
C. Chimpanzees, the Cleverest Animal.
D. Chimps Perform“First Aid”on Each Other.
【课标词汇积累】
1.related to与…有关
●Her choice of extracurricular activities is closely related to her career aspirations as a high school student. （作为一名高中生，她对课外活动的选择与她的职业抱负密切相关。）
2.curious adj.求知欲强的, 好奇的
●Many high school students are curious about the secrets hidden in the old part of the school building, though they're not allowed to go there freely. （许多高中生对学校旧楼里隐藏的秘密很好奇，尽管他们不被允许随意前往那里。）
3.investigate v.调查, 研究
●The teacher asked us to investigate different learning methods and report back which ones might work best for our classmates. （老师要求我们研究不同的学习方法，并汇报哪些方法可能对我们同学最有效。）
4.look through浏览，翻阅, 逐一查看……
●The librarian asked us to look through the books carefully when we return them to make sure there's no damage. （图书管理员要求我们在还书时仔细查看书籍，确保没有损坏。）
5.separatev.（使）分开，分离, 分割，划分, 相隔，隔开, 分居, 区分，分别; adj.独立的，分开的, 不同的，不相关的
●The boys and girls usually separate into different groups during physical education classes for some specific activities. （在体育课上，男生和女生通常会为了一些特定活动分成不同的小组。）
6.complicatedadj.复杂的, 难处理的
●The relationship between some students in the class can get complicated sometimes, with different cliques and rivalries. （班上一些学生之间的关系有时会变得很复杂，存在不同的小团体和竞争关系。）
7.chewv.咀嚼，咬, （因为紧张等）咬住，不停地啃，不停地咀嚼
●He always chews on his pen cap when he's thinking hard about a difficult question in the classroom. （当他在教室里努力思考一道难题时，他总是咬着笔帽。）
8.applyv.申请, 应用, 适用, 涂，敷, 使全神贯注于
●She decided to apply for a position in the school newspaper editorial team to improve her writing skills. （她决定申请在校报编辑团队中的一个职位，以提高自己的写作技能。）
9.infectv.传染, 使感染（计算机病毒/情感）, 影响
●His positive attitude towards learning quickly infected the whole class, making everyone more enthusiastic about their studies. （他对学习的积极态度很快感染了全班同学，使每个人对学习都更有热情了。）
10. instinctn.本能，天性, 冲动, 天资，天才
●When the fire alarm went off in the school, our first instinct was to quickly evacuate the building following the safety procedures. （当学校的火警响起时，我们的第一本能就是按照安全程序迅速撤离大楼。）
【课标词汇训练】
根据语境，从上面的“课标词汇”中选用合适的单词及其正确形式将句子补充完整。
1.We were all worried that one sick student might _____________ others with the flu in the crowded classroom.
2.Many students have an _____________ to form groups with those who share similar interests in the school environment.
3.Many students plan to _____________ for their dream universities after graduating from high school.
4.Some students like to _____________ gum during class, but it's against the school rules.
5.The math problem on the test paper was so _____________ that many students had a hard time solving it.
6.The school _____________ students into different classes based on their academic performance to provide more targeted teaching.
7.I need to _____________ my notes quickly before the history test to refresh my memory on the important events we learned.
8.The school authorities decided to_____________ the incident of the missing textbooks in the classroom to find out who was responsible.
9.The new student was _____________ about all the different clubs and activities available in the school, so he went to the club fair to find out more.
10.Many of the topics we discuss in our biology class are _____________ to the real-life phenomena around us on campus, like the growth of plants in the school garden.
【参考译文】
科学家们早就知道黑猩猩有时会用树叶或昆虫当药物。如今，研究乌干达黑猩猩的科研人员发现，这些动物偶尔还会互相提供“急救”。这表明黑猩猩可能具备思考如何帮助他人和自己的能力。
作为与人类亲缘关系最近的动物物种之一，研究人员通过多种方式深入研究了黑猩猩的生活习性。其中令科学家好奇的是，当黑猩猩生病或受伤时，它们是如何自我照料的。
2021年，艾洛迪·弗雷曼博士前往乌干达布东戈森林研究黑猩猩。她希望深入了解黑猩猩在受伤时如何自救。此前，弗雷曼博士已开展过关于黑猩猩食用特定植物作为药物的研究。
在查阅其他研究人员的笔记时，弗雷曼博士注意到多篇记载黑猩猩自我照料或救助他人的案例。她带领团队翻阅了该地区研究者三十年来的记录，并花费八个月时间对森林中的两组黑猩猩进行观察。
研究人员共发现34例黑猩猩自我处理伤口的案例。这类“自我护理”通常非常基础，比如舔舐伤口或用树叶清洁身体；有时则更为复杂。在某些情况下，弗雷曼博士弗雷曼博士指出，黑猩猩会“啃食植物，然后将咀嚼后的材料涂抹在开放性伤口上。”
舔舐伤口有助于清除污垢和其他可能阻碍愈合的小物件。更重要的是，某些黑猩猩的唾液含有能防止伤口感染的化学物质。某些植物的叶子也有类似功效。
黑猩猩的自我护理行为很有趣，但更引人注目的是他们发现的七起同类互助案例。这似乎表明黑猩猩能够感知同伴是否需要帮助——动物主动救助受伤同伴的情况实属罕见。
在一个案例中，一只成年雄性黑猩猩被观察到正在为另一只年轻雄性黑猩猩吸吮腿部以清理伤口。
部分互救黑猩猩甚至没有血缘关系。例如，一只雄性黑猩猩曾帮助一只无关雌性黑猩猩挣脱绳索陷阱。
科学家们面临一个重大疑问：这种行为有多少源自黑猩猩的天性，又有多少是通过学习获得的？
一个典型案例显示，成年雌性黑猩猩咀嚼树叶敷在伤口上。其幼崽目睹这一行为后，立即效仿用树叶处理母亲的伤口。
弗雷曼博士认为部分行为源于本能，但其他复杂行为很可能经过习得。她计划继续研究黑猩猩以获取更多认知。
Passage1阅读理解
（2025`黑龙江省牡丹江市第一高级中学高三下学期模拟预测）
Scientists in Australia thought they had developed a new tracking device to help them monitor magpies (喜鹊), but these birds had other ideas.
Australian magpies are medium-sized black and white birds from the same bird“family” as crows and bluejays. They are known to be quite clever. They live in groups of up to 12 birds and work together to defend the area they live in.
The purpose of the scientists’ experiment was to learn more about how far they travel each day and how their social behaviors are influenced by sex, age, and rank. Besides, the scientists were eager to test the newly developed tracking device.
Most trackers are too big to fit on small and medium sized birds, and small trackers tend to be limited when it comes to data storage, battery life, and reusability. The new tracker,weighing less than 1 gram, was designed to overcome these problems. Attached to a backpack-like harness (背带) which could not be removed easily, the device can re-charge wirelessly and transmit (传输) data wirelessly.
The scientists placed trackers on five magpies using their special harnesses. Things started to fall apart almost immediately. Within 10 minutes of fitting the final tracker, an adult female without a tracker tried to remove the harness from a younger bird and eventually succeeded. This pattern was repeated in the following hours, and by the third day none of the birds had trackers anymore.
Scientists refer to this as“rescue behavior,” and it happens when a helper tries to free another individual in trouble and with no obvious direct benefit to the rescuing individual.They think this is the first time rescue behavior has been reported for Australian magpies.However, they aren’t sure if the same individual removed all of the harnesses or if others offered help.
The team didn’t get the data they wanted, but their experiment still produced interesting results. That’s how science works sometimes. The scientists need to try, again to figure out a good way to track these clever birds.
1．What can we learn about Australian magpies from paragraph 2?
A．They outsmart crows.B．They are social species.
C．They are rarely spotted.D．They learn from each other.
2．What is a big advantage of the new tracking device?
A．It can work without wires.B．It can be applied to all birds.
C．It doesn’t come off the birds.D．It doesn’t need to be re-charged.
3．What happened to the magpies after the trackers were attached to them?
A．They couldn’t fly as normal.
B．They were warned by other magpies.
C．They helped each other to remove the trackers.
D．They were driven out of their home by other adult magpies.
4．Which can be the best title for the text?
A．Magpies Teach Scientists an Unexpected Lesson
B．Climate Change Makes Magpies More Difficult
C．The Trackers Help Magpies Get Used to Nature
D．Magpies Are Adjusting to the Trackers on Their Bodies
【长难句分析】
【文章原句】The purpose of the scientists’ experiment was to learn more about how far they travel each day and how their social behaviors are influenced by sex, age, and rank.
【句式分析】这是一个主系表结构的句子。about后有两个并列的宾语从句how far they travel each day and how their social behaviors are influenced by sex, age, and rank。
【翻译】科学家们做这个实验的目的是为了更多地了解他们每天走多远，以及他们的社会行为是如何受到性别、年龄和等级的影响。
【词汇积累】
1.monitorv.监控, 监听; n.监测仪器, 班长, 监督员 2.reusability可重用性3.social behaviors社会行为4.eventuallyadv.最后，终于 5.individualadj.单独的, 个人的, 独特的; n.个人 6. obviousadj.明显的, 当然的, 平淡无奇的, 不必要的7.benefitn.好处, 优势 v.获益8.mediumadj.中等的, 中间的,n.方式
Passage2 7选5
（2025届山东省青岛市高三下学期5月三模）
Science is rapidly pushing frontiers in an era where imagination seems the only limit. But when no real limits exist, we risk crossing lines that shouldn’t be crossed. 1 Mary Shelley’s 1818novel Frankenstein warns of what happens when science ignores its natural boundaries.
In the story, Victor Frankenstein creates a monster (怪物) from old body parts. As it comes to life, he panics and abandons it. Desperate for connection, the creature approaches society — only to meet with rejection and violence. 2 What unfolds is the disastrous tale of the death of everyone Frankenstein cared for.
3 They realize it is mistreated, and has feelings just like humans. Its multiple layers of emotion — the desire to fit in with society, the resulting anger and his sense of regret — arguably make the monster himself more human than Frankenstein.
Over two centuries later, Shelley’s novel remains profoundly relevant as a warning tale about unchecked ambition and its ethical (道德的) consequences. 4 This is also stressed by US historian of science Megan Halpern, who notes that the monster became dangerous only after its creator abandoned it. 5 To create an AI robot might not be a crime of innovation, but to do so without taking the responsibility for actively seeking ethical ways to use the robot might be.
Though a frightening tale of horror and destruction, Frankenstein encourages readers to look beyond the surface. After all, how does one actually classify a monster?
A．Therefore, it answers with cruelty.
B．She warns that there might be a similar risk.
C．But many readers feel sympathy for the creature.
D．However, it eventually finds peace when left alone.
E．This tension between progress and responsibility isn’t new.
F．Such breakthroughs remind readers of humanity’s potential.
G．She questions whether progress always results in a positive outcome.
任，就可能铸成大错。)”，从而体现了雪莱警告的现实意义。故选B。
Passage3 完形填空
（2025届四川省巴中市高三下学期三模）
When I studied in my high school, I did an experiment about how the temperature affected the growth of a plant. That experiment made me 1 that science teaches us the domino effect (多米诺效应) in the environment. It teaches people our 2 so we know where we are from. That day I 3 decided to be a scientist and that will be my greatest ambition in life. Ever since that day I have studied harder 4 in all my science-related subjects. After school I do much research on how I can become a5 scientist in the future.
One of my 6 in becoming a scientist is Barbara McClintock. She has been awarded the 1983 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. At 25 she already had her PhD in botany and after that she started her 7 as the leader in the development of maize cytogenetics (玉米细胞遗传学) and she was 8 to that research for the rest of her life.
If I am lucky and given the 9 to achieve my ambition as a scientist, I want to be like Doctor McClintock. She 10 something that helped the other scientists 11 the thing about genetics that did not just help her generation but also the future generation.
I know I will be able to achieve my 12 as long as I put my heart and perseverance into it. If I am lucky enough to achieve my goal, I will share my 13 with all the kids who also love science and want to become scientists. My future will be as 14 as the stars in the night sky. My future is still far but I will make the most of all in the 15 to achieve my greatest ambition of becoming a scientist.
1．A．recognizeB．suspectC．treasureD．wonder
2．A．rootB．schoolC．studyD．development
3．A．lazilyB．easilyC．resolutelyD．partly
4．A．potentiallyB．particularlyC．separatelyD．suitably
5．A．popularB．contentC．outstandingD．careful
6．A．persuasionsB．creationsC．generationsD．inspirations
7．A．experienceB．careerC．scienceD．compliment
8．A．addictedB．dedicatedC．attachedD．linked
9．A．freedomB．reasonC．opportunityD．privilege
10．A．scheduledB．heardC．predictedD．discovered
11．A．figure outB．head outC．carry outD．stand out
12．A．rewardB．fameC．platformD．ambition
13．A．determinationB．informationC．fortuneD．brightness
14．A．qualifiedB．shiningC．braveD．proud
15．A．mindB．lectureC．heartD．present
Passage3 语法填空
（2025届安徽省“皖南八校”高三第三次大联考）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A Chinese research team made a breakthrough in brain-computer interface (BCI) development using flexible BCI systems. This achievement enabled patients to control smart devices with their brain, converting 1(they) thoughts into Chinese texts on computer for communication.
A patient with brain 2(injure) at Huashan Hospital attached to Fudan University designed the phrase “2025 Happy New Year” in his mind, and it was decoded (解码) by a computer. The system then sent commands to a robotic arm, 3 made a heart-shaped gesture, marking the world’s first-ever New Year’s greeting conveyed via thought, according to the Science and Technology Daily on Sunday. This marks a major advancement in a cooperative project between NeuroXess, Huashan Hospital and the Tianqiao and Chrissy Chen Institute, 4(signal) that China reached world-class standards in the field of BCL
In December 2024, NeuroXess, in cooperation 5 Huashan Hospital, started in the country’s first 6(clinic) trial involving high-throughput flexible BCI systems for real-time comprehensiveness of Chinese language. 7 patient, a 43-year-old with a language-related brain tumor (肿瘤), had surgery in which an 8(internal) designed electronic film was implanted (植入) for tumor localization and protected crucial areas of the brain related to language. Just two days after the surgery, the patient 9(begin) training and, within seven days, attained a 71 percent accuracy in decoding for 142 commonly 10(use) Chinese syllables, and demonstrated a delay of under 100milliseconds for single-character decoding.
