一、建设造福农村、惠及农民的幸福路

I. Building Roads to Benefit Rural Areas and the Rural Population

新中国成立之初，一穷二白、百废待兴，农村公路艰难起步。改革开放后，中国通过“以工代赈”、“八七”扶贫攻坚、西部大开发等重大国家战略，加大对农村公路的支持力度，有效强化了农村公路的基础条件，2002年农村公路总里程达到134万公里①。

In the early years of the PRC, the country was poor and backward, and rural road construction made a struggling start. After the launch of reform and opening up in 1978, support for rural road construction increased through major national initiatives, including the practice of providing employment instead of relief for those in difficulty, the Seven-year Priority Poverty Reduction Program (1994-2000), and the large-scale development of the western region. As a result, the condition of rural roads improved significantly and by 2002, the total length of rural roads had reached 1.34 million km1. 

【Tip1】 Cited statistics in this white paper do not include the regions of Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan.①本书统计数据暂未包含我国的港澳台地区，下同

2003年，提出“修好农村路，服务城镇化，让农民兄弟走上油路和水泥路”，实施“东部地区通村、中部地区通乡、西部地区通县工程”和“通达通畅工程”，农村公路进入快速发展阶段，2012年农村公路总里程增长到368万公里。

In 2003, the Chinese government set the goal of "constructing more and better rural roads to facilitate urbanization, and ensure that farmers have access to asphalt and cement roads". Through an accessibility and connectivity project, more roads were built to ensure that all villages in China's east, all townships in the central part, and all counties in the west had access to the road network. Thanks to the rapid growth achieved over a decade, the total length of rural roads increased to 3.68 million km by 2012. 

进入新时代，中国的农村公路建设围绕打赢脱贫攻坚战、实施乡村振兴战略，以服务保障广大农民致富奔小康为出发点和落脚点，持续推进高质量发展，实现了具备条件的乡镇和建制村通硬化路、通客车、通邮路目标。

Entering the new era, China has advanced high-quality rural road construction in support of the poverty eradication campaign and the rural revitalization strategy, and in service of farmers striving for moderate prosperity, meeting the goal that all towns, townships, and administrative villages where conditions allow have access to asphalt and cement roads, as well as bus and postal services. 

Eradication n.拔除；连根拔除revitalization n.新生；复兴

截至2023年底，农村公路总里程增长到460万公里，占公路总里程的84.6%，形成了“外通内联、通村畅乡、客车到村、安全便捷”的农村交通运输网络，带动了农村地区整体面貌发生巨变。中国农村公路事业沿着服务农业、造福农村、惠及农民的发展方向，阔步前行。

By the end of 2023, the length of rural roads had reached 4.6 million km, accounting for84.6 percent of the total road length in China. This safe and convenient transport network has brought about a remarkable transformation in rural areas, connecting villages and towns to the outside world and expanding bus services to villages. The ongoingdevelopment of rural roads will continue to bring benefits to China's agriculture, rural areas and rural population. 

（一）以人民为中心

1. People-Centered Approaches

坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，努力满足人民对美好出行的需求，修人民最想修的路，着力解决人民最关心、最直接、最现实的问题。坚持人民共建共治共享，充分发挥人民群众的积极性、主动性、创造性。坚持普惠性、可持续发展，大力推进城乡基本公共服务均等化，奋力实现农村公路由“通”到“畅”再到“好”的转变，让人民共享交通发展成果，不断提升人民的获得感、幸福感、安全感。

Adhering to a people-centered philosophy of development, China has worked to see that people's needs for quality transport is met and roads are built where they are most needed, in an effort to address the issues that directly impact the people's most immediate interests. It emphasizes people's collaboration, participation, and common interests, and inspires theirenthusiasm, initiative, and creativity. To ensure all-inclusive and sustainable development, China promotes equal access to basic public services for both urban and rural residents. It is sparing no effort to upgrade rural roads for a high-quality road network, so that all the people can enjoy the benefits of better transport, and a greater sense of gain, fulfillment and security. 

（二）高位谋划融入发展大局

2. High-Level Planning as Part of Overall National Development

坚持围绕中心、服务大局，把农村公路放在打赢脱贫攻坚战、实施乡村振兴战略、推进农业农村现代化等事关国家发展全局的重大任务中统筹谋划部署。充分发挥农村公路在农村经济社会发展中的先行作用，坚持科学规划、适度超前，加快补短板强弱项，消除制约农村发展的交通瓶颈，实现所有具备条件的乡镇和建制村通硬化路、通客车、通邮路，推动农村公路提升服务品质、提高服务效率、拓展服务功能，引领服务促进城乡统筹，助力减少城乡差距，推进农业农村现代化、促进农民农村共同富裕。

Rural road development must serve national economic growth and the country's overall interests. Therefore, it is aligned (结盟；匹配) with major national development strategies for poverty eradication, rural revitalization, and the modernization of agriculture and rural areas. China has ensured that rural roads fully play their foundational role for bolstering (支撑；援助) economic and social development in rural areas. Well-conceived (构思；考虑) plans that take into account future needs have been carefully devised, (计划；发明；设计) and weak points and transport bottlenecks that previously hindered(阻碍；妨碍) progress in rural areas have been addressed. As a result, all towns, townships, and administrative villages where conditions allow now have access to asphalt and cement roads, as well as bus and postal services. 

Administrative adj. 行政的，管理的；经营的；后方勤务的

asphalt and cement roads柏油路和水泥路=>硬化路

More efforts will be made so that rural roads offer improved, efficient, and diverse services and play a leading role in facilitating urban-rural integration, bridging the urban-rural gap, advancing the modernization of agriculture and rural areas, and promoting commonrural prosperity. 

integration n. 结合；整合；一体化；(不同肤色、种族、宗教信仰等的人的)混合，融合

common prosperity共同富裕

（三）因地制宜探索发展路径

3. Exploring Development Paths in Light of Local Conditions

坚持精准施策，充分考虑不同地区、不同类型乡村的阶段性特征以及客观条件，差异化制定发展目标任务和支持政策，使农村公路与区域经济发展水平、乡村产业布局和群众安全便捷出行需求相适应。按照“宜宽则宽、宜窄则窄”的原则，合理确定建设技术标准，节约集约用地，强化生态环境保护和民俗文化传统保护。立足各地资源禀赋差异，探索适合不同地区的农村公路发展模式，促进农村公路与当地产业深度融合，充分发掘当地资源优势，不断延长农业产业链，助力产业提升。

China has implemented (vt. 使生效, 贯彻, 执行n. 工具, 器具, 用具) targeted measures by giving full consideration to the development stage and conditions of rural areas in different regions and of different types. It has formulated differentiated goals and implemented supportive policies to build roads for rural areas in light ofthe economy, industrial layout, and people's needs for safe and convenient travels in their respective regions. The government has established flexible and well thought-out technical standards for rural roads that consider local conditions, efficient and economical land utilization, eco-environmental protection and the preservation of indigenouscultural tradition. Taking into account differences in resources, China has explored development models for rural roads in different areas, promoting the deep integration of rural roads with local industries, and tapping the strengths of local resources to extend agricultural industry chains and upgrade the industry. 

industrial layout 产业布局thought-out深思熟虑的

deep integration深度融合

extend agricultural industry chains延长农业产业链

（四）以改革创新为动力 (propel 推动；激励)

4. Propelling Rural Road Construction with Reform and Innovation

坚持深化农村公路管理养护体制改革，持续完善农村公路建设、管理养护、客货运输发展的体制机制和政策制度，构建系统完备、科学规范、运行有效的制度体系，推动建设、管理、养护、运营协调发展。

China has continued to further institutional reform in the management and maintenance of rural roads, and improve systems, mechanisms and policies for rural road construction, management and maintenance, and freight and passenger transport. The goal is to establish a well-developed, well-conceived, procedure-based and effective framework of systems and institutions that coordinate the construction, management, maintenance and operation of rural roads. 

把有为政府和有效市场结合起来，加大政府投入力度，充分调动社会力量，解决农村公路发展不平衡不充分问题。

The country has combined a well-functioning government with an efficient market. The government has increased its investment and mobilized non-governmental entities to address imbalances and insufficienciesin rural road development.

把高质量发展摆在突出位置，以改革创新激发农村公路发展活力，因地制宜发展新质生产力，以农村公路高质量发展服务保障中国式现代化建设。

Focusing on high-quality development, China has invigorated rural road development through reform and innovation, fosterednew quality productive forcesin line with(符合) local conditions, and promoted high-quality development of rural roads to support Chinese modernization. 

Invigorate vt. 使生气勃勃；使精力充沛；使健壮adj. 生气勃勃的；精力充沛的；健壮的n.精力充沛；滋补；鼓舞n. 滋补药；鼓舞者

Foster vt. 养育，抚育；培养；抱（希望等）adj. 收养的，养育的

in line with local conditions 因地制宜

（五）统筹协作凝聚发展合力

5. Forging（锻炼）Synergy（协同作用） for Development Through Coordination and Collaboration

坚持调动各方积极性，建立“政府主导、部门协调、上下联动、运转高效”的工作格局，形成权责清晰、齐抓共管的农村公路管理养护体制机制。加强资源、资金和政策整合，强化农村公路管理养护资金保障，提高对重大战略、重点区域的保障力度。

In order to mobilize the enthusiasm of all parties involved, China has put in placea highly efficient mechanism for rural road management and maintenance. Led by the government, this mechanism features coordination and interaction among different departments across levels, delineating powers and responsibilities to ensure concerted efforts. Resources, capitaland policies act in tandemto guarantee sufficient funding for rural road management and maintenance, especially with respect to major strategies and key areas. 

put in place落实delineate勾画；描述concerted共同筹划的, 合作的

tandem n. 串联；串座双人自行车adj.串联的adv.一前一后；纵排地

激发广大群众参与农村公路建设和养护的积极性、主动性，发挥企事业单位、社会团体、国际组织的积极作用，把农村公路示范创建作为发挥省市两级统筹指导作用、夯实县级主体责任的有效载体，共同汇聚形成发展强大合力。

The government has encouraged active and enthusiastic public participation in rural road construction and maintenance, while also leveraging the role of enterprises, public institutions, social organizations and international organizations. Creating model rural roads has been employed as an effective platform for provincial- and city-levelgovernments to perform their coordinating and guiding roles, and for county-level governments to fulfill their primary responsibilities. All of this resulted in great synergy powering the development of rural roads.

Leveragen. 〈物〉杠杆作用, 杠杆的力量；力量, 影响vt. 促使…改变