我们研究了精英权力如何在中国中部的明清过渡时期持续存在。使用已婚夫妇及其后代的家谱微观数据，与当地精英影响力的衡量标准相结合，我们估计了明朝崩溃（1368-1644 年）对家庭（人）和地区（地方）的影响。家族层面的治疗和控制方法表明，精英们立即失去了影响力，但他们的后代在清朝（1644-1911）时期恢复并巩固了精英地位。相比之下，区域层面的设计表明，受明崩破坏影响较严重的地区遭受了持续的不利后果。关于职业选择的证据与创伤引起的向公务员考试职业的转变是一致的，在更容易受到破坏的家庭中，以考试为导向的规范的代际传递更强。研究结果记录了尽管政权更迭，精英家庭仍具有适应性持久性，同时存在持久的地区伤痕，并强调了文化传播在精英地位持久化中的作用。
We study how elite power persisted through the Ming–Qing transition in Central China. Using genealogical microdata on married couples and their descendants, linked to measures of local elite influence, we estimate the effects of the Ming collapse (1368–1644) on families (people) and on regions (places). A family line-level treatment and control approach shows that elites experienced an immediate loss of influence, but their descendants recovered and consolidated elite status under the Qing (1644–1911). In contrast, a region-level design indicates that areas more heavily exposed to Ming-collapse destruction suffered persistent adverse outcomes. Evidence on career choice is consistent with a trauma-induced shift toward civil service examination careers, with stronger intergenerational transmission of exam-oriented norms in families more exposed to destruction. The results document adaptive persistence of elite families despite regime change, alongside lasting regional scarring, and highlight the role of cultural transmission in the persistence of elite status.
#经济学 #实证分析 #经济史
We study how elite power persisted through the Ming–Qing transition in Central China. Using genealogical microdata on married couples and their descendants, linked to measures of local elite influence, we estimate the effects of the Ming collapse (1368–1644) on families (people) and on regions (places). A family line-level treatment and control approach shows that elites experienced an immediate loss of influence, but their descendants recovered and consolidated elite status under the Qing (1644–1911). In contrast, a region-level design indicates that areas more heavily exposed to Ming-collapse destruction suffered persistent adverse outcomes. Evidence on career choice is consistent with a trauma-induced shift toward civil service examination careers, with stronger intergenerational transmission of exam-oriented norms in families more exposed to destruction. The results document adaptive persistence of elite families despite regime change, alongside lasting regional scarring, and highlight the role of cultural transmission in the persistence of elite status.
#经济学 #实证分析 #经济史
